Nonviolent Resistance And Nonviolent Action - 2197 Words

Throughout decades there have been many revolutions and protest against tyrants, dictatorships, unjust governments, and unjust laws. These movements strived to change policies, secure concessions, defeat repressive regimes, instill justice and equality—bring about a social change. The success of many of these revolutions was not due to the use of arms and weaponry or physical violence, instead, it was due to the strategic use of nonviolent action. Notable revolutions such as the Civil Rights Movement, Apartheid, and the Dandi Satyagraha (The Salt March) employed a variety of nonviolent tactics that amassed many supporters and ultimately achieved their goals. Thus, it is logical enough to say that nonviolent resistance is effective and has the ability to force a social change. In fact, nonviolent action is a far better method for social change than violent works. To begin with, Gene Sharp, an expert on Peace Studies and Nonviolent Resistance, defines nonviolent action as, †Å"methods of protest, noncooperation, and intervention in which the actionists, without employing physical violence, refuse to do certain things which they are expected, or required to do; or do certain things which they are not expected, or are forbidden to do.† In other words, it is a way of opposition or the practice of achieving goals without the use of violence. Nonviolent action encompasses a large arrays of phenomena: nonviolent resistance, satyagraha, passive resistance, symbolic protests, economicShow MoreRelatedDr. Martin Luther King1246 Words   |  5 Pagespowerful speaking skills combined with his courageous actions on behalf of racial justice, makes him a compelling exemplar of philosophical advocacy in action. Dr. King is widely regarded as America s pre-eminent advocate of nonviolence and one of the greatest nonviolent leaders in world history. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr was cognizance of the interrelatedness of the society mostly the Black Christian society. K ing s method of nonviolent direct action worked slowly and involved great struggle. MartinRead MoreCivil Disobedience, By Henry David Thoreau1650 Words   |  7 Pagesmedia against a president they cannot accept. Nonviolent resistance has, in many ways, defined the resistance to authoritarian governments and decisions in the past century or so. But is it the most effective way to defeat authoritarian governments? Doesn’t defeating a truly authoritarian government -- a government led by a ruthless leader like Hitler -- require violence? Is using nonviolent resistance actually a way to acquiesce to the controlling powers, a way to show weakness? In his 1849Read MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Letter From Birmingham Jail812 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica. The Civil Rights Movement was under way. African Americans were fighting for their basic human rights. One of the most notable figures of the Civil Rights Movement was Martin Luther King Jr. He fought for African American’s rights using nonviolent resistance; however, during a protest in Birmingham, Alabama, Dr. King was thrown into jail. While in his jail cell, Dr. King wrote a letter to clergymen from the Birmingham jail claiming his stance on peaceful confrontation on defending African American’sRead MoreMartin Luther King Rhetorical Analysis1260 Words   |  6 Pagespeople thought about their actions, the actions of others, and that of the government were challenged and reexamined, which was necessary in order to achieve true equality. As a theologian, King was committed to peace and slowly began to understand the meaning and power behind nonviolent resistance - a concept he was first exposed to at college when reading Henry David Thoreau’s Essay on Civil Disobedience. During 1955-1956, King enacted this philosophy of nonviolent resistance through his involvementRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Essay1624 Words   |  7 Pagesdomestic conflict outside of the interwar period. Schmitt’s theory assists in understanding the racial segregation in the United States as political. However, while King identified similar critiques of liberalism as Schmitt, he believed that nonviolent direct action was an effective, politically engaged method which sought to obtain equal civil rights for African Americans as opposed to usurping power from the state. While not inherently political, Schmitt argues that societal realms such as economicRead MoreThe Use Of Nonviolent Resistance By Martin Luther King Jr.1562 Words   |  7 Pagesdrawbacks benefits, and the circumstances in which they may or may not be justified. The first technique people can use is nonviolent resistance. There are various of reasons why some people may argue nonviolent resistance is indeed very effective and stronger and more powerful than violent resistance. To begin with, it calls out attention. When one does a nonviolent resistance, it has a very powerful meaning because the people can peacefully challenge their opponent by addressing the social problemRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Iron Jawed Angels By Martin Luther King Jr930 Words   |  4 Pagesthree ways to deal with oppression. Dr. King believed the best defense against oppression being that of nonviolent resistance. The film Iron Jawed Angels (IJA) is also great example of oppression with the struggle to women rights in the United States. Mr. King stated that there are three ways of oppression that oppressed people deal with, acquiescence, physical violence, and nonviolent resistance. One must come out of their comfort zone in order to see new and in most cases better outcomes. Mr. KingRead MoreThe Philosophy Of A King Martin Luther King Jr.1305 Words   |  6 Pagespeaceful protest. In his writing â€Å"Nonviolence and Racial Justice†, King clearly explains his methods of Nonviolent resistance. First, King says that nonviolent actions are not the actions of a coward. Nonviolent resisters of evil are not physically aggressive, but they keep their minds and emotions active by revealing to the oppressor their wrongdoings. Second, King believes that the nonviolent goals is to win friendship and understanding, not hate or humiliation; that violence creates bitternessRead MoreWar Causes Pain And Distress1242 Words   |  5 PagesGene Sharp’s understanding of the techniques of nonviolent actions is the most effective solution. He touches bases on three non-violence methods of actions that can be approached in his reading done in 1968. Gene Sharp was a t heorist of non-violent actions. None violent actions lead to change in many situations whether people are being discriminated against or just want change. Gene Sharp teaches three class methods of non-violent actions; nonviolent protest, non-violent cooperation, and non-violentRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement : Martin Luther King Jr.1305 Words   |  6 Pagesin Birmingham City Jail due to nonviolent resistance participation which was unapproved by a group of white clergymen. In this letter, King addresses these clergymen’s critics about the demonstrations being unwise and untimely, and saying that the participants of such were outsiders coming in. King points out how whites are disturbed by the demonstrations, yet the reason these demonstrations have arisen don’t seem to concern them. They may ask why direct-action must be used, or why do marches

Leadership Is An Important Element Of The Management...

1 Steve Jobs CEO, Apple Introduction Leadership is an important element of the management function. Leadership involves ability to integrate human resources and firm’s goals. Different situations may warrant different kinds of leadership. A business leader knows how to motivate people, accomplish goals, and get things done quickly. Leaders act as middlemen between employees and organization s objectives. Leaders reveal attributes of courage, creativity, and entrepreneurial energy. Strong leaders are essential to the success of an organization. To be a successful leader, an individual must be innovative, able to constructive criticism, and possess power to influence others. Steve Jobs’ leadership style is quite unique and influencing. We can see a lot of examples of great business leader in real life. One of them is Steve Jobs, a well-known personality all over the world. MAIN BODY In order to survive for the organization in the long run, an efficient organization is one which adapt with the changing external environment. In such case, a leader must be innovative and creative who easily diagnose the situation and implement new ideas to avoid the threat of that factor to the organization. Steve Jobs was known for his new ideas and creativity. His innovations and dedications to quality made his customer brand loyal. He came up with nano 2 technology in the market â€Å"He brought us Apple, Pixar, and desktop laser printers. He delivered one of the most-watched TED Talks ofShow MoreRelated Functions Of Management Essay1236 Words   |  5 Pageswhats really significant. Management is necessary for a business to function, yet when exploring the role of the manager, it becomes rather complex. Managers must be resourceful; they are individuals who wear many hats. The job of every manager involves what is known as the functions of management. Richard Daft definition of management is the attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner through the employment of the four management functions of planning, organizing, leadingRead MoreThe Functions of Stage Management1022 Words   |  5 PagesRunning Header: THE FUNCTIONS OF STAGE MANAGEMENT THE FUNCTIONS OF STAGE MANAGEMENT Abstract The four functions of management can be applied to business, sports teams or stage management to name a few. Stage management can apply to stadium size concerts to small theatrical acts. Planning is a key function that gets the party started. Proper planning leads to the event being organized. An organized show allows for some mistakes that can be solved inRead MoreSenior Leadership Challenges At Ch2m Hill1248 Words   |  5 PagesSenior Leadership Challenges One of the greatest challenges faced by senior leadership at CH2M HILL was how to effectively engage young engineers in order to raise their commitment to the company. While the young engineers connected with many of the company’s ideas, such as projects to improve the world, they also desired novel work which provided challenge and learning to aid them in their career advancement (Newman, 2013). Learning in this way was hindered by the company. It did not want toRead MoreThe Necessity Of Careful Environmental Scanning Essay1623 Words   |  7 PagesEvery successful organization uses the five management functions; but not many can compare with the United States Armed Forces. I am currently serving in the United States Air Force and this organization has effectively applied the five management functions, because its existence depends on those five functions. From the initial planning to the final execution steps, we perform all five functions in our day-to-day operations in flawless manners and pride ourselves in the job well done. The Air ForceRead MoreManagement Skills Need For The Business Successful And Profitable At The Global Platform1638 Words   |  7 Pagesfails miserably to engage their employees. The management skills need to be effectively leveraged so as to maximize the success of the business and are the key elements for making the healthy and desirable workplace. Business is an entity with several numbers of internal and external customers and these customers are effectively managed via effective management skills. Thus, management skills is about knowing and doing, whereby conceptual rules of management is easy to understand but it is the capabilityRead MoreCritical Thinking730 Words   |  3 Pagesmanager. In order for someone to become a good manager, he/ she must be a decision maker, leadership skills, a good planner and must have good communication and interpersonal relation skills, these are the things that one must have to be come a successful manager. If a business wants to become successful it must have great management. All the elements of managing is affected by internal and external elements that will affect the decision the supervisor make and how they delegate the job throughRead MoreA Comprehensive Leadership Approach On Leadership1421 Words   |  6 PagesComprehensive Leadership Approach Thoughts on Leadership Just the thought of leadership excites me. This is because I became very interested in the topic of leadership, immediately after I joined the United States Army in 2003. As a civilian, without any job experience, I had never been formally exposed to leadership, although, in retrospect, I was surrounded by family and community leaders. There are numerous sources that depict leadership. In this writing, I describe my thoughts on leadership in termsRead MoreThe Four Functions Of Management1314 Words   |  6 Pageshave considered most important. It primarily highlights the four functions of management; planning, leading, organizing, and controlling. Secondly, it discusses the characteristics of a successful manager. Finally, relates the necessary skills for a competent manager; technical skills, human skills, and conceptual skills. Group Consensus The first of the three most important concepts are the Four Functions of Management. Under this concept the four functions of management contain four objectivesRead MoreOrganizational Change Leadership from a Systems Perspective670 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿ Organizational Change Leadership from a Systems Perspective Organizational Change Leadership from a Systems Perspective The characteristics that best describe our dream human service organization; Amelia’s House, a support driven facility created to provide ongoing emotional support as survivors of homicide go through the journey of grief while enduring the aftermath of handling losing a child, family member, or loved one to violence or homicide, include the consideration ofRead MoreOrganizational Behavior And The Social Sciences1671 Words   |  7 Pagesthat required clarifications in my work life. An in-depth analysis in this subject helped me to gain a thorough understanding of different areas like leadership qualities, cultural difference in workplace, power and politics in an organization, etc. Every individual has their own needs, interests and goals in an organization but achieving these elements are always a challenge to them. And I believe that, knowledge in Organizational Behavior is a great tool that can be used to reach that goal. Organizational

Carl Jung Theory Free Essays

Jung’s theory divides the psyche into three parts. The first is the ego, which Jung identifies with the conscious mind. Closely related is the personal unconscious, which includes anything that is not presently conscious, but can be. We will write a custom essay sample on Carl Jung Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now The personal unconscious is like most people’s understanding of the unconscious in that it includes both memories that are easily brought to mind and those that have been suppressed for some reason. But it does not include the instincts that Freud would have it include. But then Jung adds the part of the psyche that makes his theory stand out from all others: the collective unconscious. You could call it your â€Å"psychic inheritance. † It is the reservoir of our experiences as a species, a kind of knowledge we are all born with. And yet we can never be directly conscious of it. It influences all of our experiences and behaviors, most especially the emotional ones, but we only know about it indirectly, by looking at those influences. There are some experiences that show the effects of the collective unconscious more clearly than others: The experiences of love at first sight, of deja vu (the feeling that you’ve been here before), and the immediate recognition of certain symbols and the meanings of certain myths, could all be understood as the sudden conjunction of our outer reality and the inner reality of the collective unconscious. Grander examples are the creative experiences shared by artists and musicians all over the world and in all times, or the spiritual experiences of mystics of all religions, or the parallels in dreams, fantasies, mythologies, fairy tales, and literature. A nice example that has been greatly discussed recently is the near-death experience. It seems that many people, of many different cultural backgrounds, find that they have very similar recollections when they are brought back from a close encounter with death. They speak of leaving their bodies, seeing their bodies and the events surrounding them clearly, of being pulled through a long tunnel towards a bright light, of seeing deceased relatives or religious figures waiting for them, and of their disappointment at having to leave this happy scene to return to their bodies. Perhaps we are all â€Å"built† to experience death in this fashion. Archetypes The contents of the collective unconscious are called archetypes. Jung also called them dominants, imagos, mythological or primordial images, and a few other names, but archetypes seem to have won out over these. An archetype is an unlearned tendency to experience things in a certain way. The archetype has no form of its own, but it acts as an â€Å"organizing principle† on the things we see or do. It works the way that instincts work in Freud’s theory: At first, the baby just wants something to eat, without knowing what it wants. It has a rather indefinite yearning, which, nevertheless, can be satisfied by some things and not by others. Later, with experience, the child begins to yearn for something more specific when it is hungry — a bottle, a cookie, a broiled lobster, a slice of New York style pizza. The archetype is like a black hole in space: You only know its there by how it draws matter and light to itself. The mother archetype The mother archetype is a particularly good example. All of our ancestors had mothers. We have evolved in an environment that included a mother or mother-substitute. We would never have survived without our connection with a nurturing-one during our times as helpless infants. It stands to reason that we are â€Å"built† in a way that reflects that evolutionary environment: We come into this world ready to want mother, to seek her, to recognize her, to deal with her. So the mother archetype is our built-in ability to recognize a certain relationship, that of â€Å"mothering. † Jung says that this is rather abstract, and we are likely to project the archetype out into the world and onto a particular person, usually our own mothers. Even when an archetype doesn’t have a particular real person available, we tend to personify the archetype, that is, turn it into a mythological â€Å"story-book† character. This character symbolizes the archetype. The mother archetype is symbolized by the primordial mother or â€Å"earth mother† of mythology, by Eve and Mary in western traditions, and by less personal symbols such as the church, the nation, a forest, or the ocean. According to Jung, someone whose own mother failed to satisfy the demands of the archetype may well be one that spends his or her life seeking comfort in the church, or in identification with â€Å"the motherland,† or in meditating upon the figure of Mary, or in a life at sea. Mana You must understand that these archetypes are not really biological things, like Freud’s instincts. They are more spiritual demands. For example, if you dreamt about long things, Freud might suggest these things represent the phallus and ultimately sex. But Jung might have a very different interpretation. Even dreaming quite specifically about a penis might not have much to do with some unfulfilled need for sex. It is curious that in primitive societies, phallic symbols do not usually refer to sex at all. They usually symbolize mana, or spiritual power. These symbols would be displayed on occasions when the spirits are being called upon to increase the yield of corn, or fish, or to heal someone. The connection between the penis and strength, between semen and seed, between fertilization and fertility are understood by most cultures. The shadow Sex and the life instincts in general are, of course, represented somewhere in Jung’s system. They are a part of an archetype called the shadow. It derives from our prehuman, animal past, when our concerns were limited to survival and reproduction, and when we weren’t self-conscious. It is the â€Å"dark side† of the ego, and the evil that we are capable of is often stored there. Actually, the shadow is amoral — neither good nor bad, just like animals. An animal is capable of tender care for its young and vicious killing for food, but it doesn’t choose to do either. It just does what it does. It is â€Å"innocent. † But from our human perspective, the animal world looks rather brutal, inhuman, so the shadow becomes something of a garbage can for the parts of ourselves that we can’t quite admit to. Symbols of the shadow include the snake (as in the garden of Eden), the dragon, monsters, and demons. It often guards the entrance to a cave or a pool of water, which is the collective unconscious. Next time you dream about wrestling with the devil, it may only be yourself you are wrestling with! The persona The persona represents your public image. The word is, obviously, related to the word person and personality, and comes from a Latin word for mask. So the persona is the mask you put on before you show yourself to the outside world. Although it begins as an archetype, by the time we are finished realizing it, it is the part of us most distant from the collective unconscious. At its best, it is just the â€Å"good impression† we all wish to present as we fill the roles society requires of us. But, of course, it can also be the â€Å"false impression† we use to manipulate people’s opinions and behaviors. And, at its worst, it can be mistaken, even by ourselves, for our true nature: Sometimes we believe we really are what we pretend to be! Anima and animus A part of our persona is the role of male or female we must play. For most people that role is determined by their physical gender. But Jung, like Freud and Adler and others, felt that we are all really bisexual in nature. When we begin our lives as fetuses, we have undifferentiated sex organs that only gradually, under the influence of hormones, become male or female. Likewise, when we begin our social lives as infants, we are neither male nor female in the social sense. Almost immediately — as soon as those pink or blue booties go on — we come under the influence of society, which gradually molds us into men and women. In all societies, the expectations placed on men and women differ, usually based on our different roles in reproduction, but often involving many details that are purely traditional. In our society today, we still have many remnants of these traditional expectations. Women are still expected to be more nurturant and less aggressive; men are still expected to be strong and to ignore the emotional side of life. But Jung felt these expectations meant that we had developed only half of our potential. The anima is the female aspect present in the collective unconscious of men, and the animus is the male aspect present in the collective unconscious of women. Together, they are referred to as syzygy. The anima may be personified as a young girl, very spontaneous and intuitive, or as a witch, or as the earth mother. It is likely to be associated with deep emotionality and the force of life itself. The animus may be personified as a wise old man, a sorcerer, or often a number of males, and tends to be logical, often rationalistic, and even argumentative. The anima or animus is the archetype through which you communicate with the collective unconscious generally, and it is important to get into touch with it. It is also the archetype that is responsible for much of our love life: We are, as an ancient Greek myth suggests, always looking for our other alf, the half that the Gods took from us, in members of the opposite sex. When we fall in love at first sight, then we have found someone that â€Å"fills† our anima or animus archetype particularly well! Other archetypes Jung said that there is no fixed number of archetypes that we could simply list and memorize. They overlap and easily melt into each other as needed, and their logic is not the usual kind. But here are some he mentions: Beside s mother, their are other family archetypes. Obviously, there is father, who is often symbolized by a guide or an authority figure. There is also the archetype family, which represents the idea of blood relationship and ties that run deeper than those based on conscious reasons. There is also the child, represented in mythology and art by children, infants most especially, as well as other small creatures. The Christ child celebrated at Christmas is a manifestation of the child archetype, and represents the future, becoming, rebirth, and salvation. Curiously, Christmas falls during the winter solstice, which in northern primitive cultures also represents the future and rebirth. People used to light bonfires and perform ceremonies to encourage the sun’s return to them. The child archetype often blends with other archetypes to form the child-god, or the child-hero. Many archetypes are story characters. The hero is one of the main ones. He is the mana personality and the defeater of evil dragons. Basically, he represents the ego — we do tend to identify with the hero of the story — and is often engaged in fighting the shadow, in the form of dragons and other monsters. The hero is, however, often dumb as a post. He is, after all, ignorant of the ways of the collective unconscious. Luke Skywalker, in the Star Wars films, is the perfect example of a hero. The hero is often out to rescue the maiden. She represents purity, innocence, and, in all likelihood, naivete. In the beginning of the Star Wars story, Princess Leia is the maiden. But, as the story progresses, she becomes the anima, discovering the powers of the force — the collective unconscious — and becoming an equal partner with Luke, who turns out to be her brother. The wise old man guides the hero. He is a form of the animus, and reveals to the hero the nature of the collective unconscious. In Star Wars, he is played by Obi Wan Kenobi and, later, Yoda. Notice that they teach Luke about the force and, as Luke matures, they die and become a part of him. You might be curious as to the archetype represented by Darth Vader, the â€Å"dark father. † He is the shadow and the master of the dark side of the force. He also turns out to be Luke and Leia’s father. When he dies, he becomes one of the wise old men. There is also an animal archetype, representing humanity’s relationships with the animal world. The hero’s faithful horse would be an example. Snakes are often symbolic of the animal archetype, and are thought to be particularly wise. Animals, after all, are more in touch with their natures than we are. Perhaps loyal little robots and reliable old spaceships — the Falcon– are also symbols of animal. And there is the trickster, often represented by a clown or a magician. The trickster’s role is to hamper the hero’s progress and to generally make trouble. In Norse mythology, many of the gods’ adventures originate in some trick or another played on their majesties by the half-god Loki. There are other archetypes that are a little more difficult to talk about. One is the original man, represented in western religion by Adam. Another is the God archetype, representing our need to comprehend the universe, to give a meaning to all that happens, to see it all as having some purpose and direction. The hermaphrodite, both male and female, represents the union of opposites, an important idea in Jung’s theory. In some religious art, Jesus is presented as a rather feminine man. Likewise, in China, the character Kuan Yin began as a male saint (the bodhisattva Avalokiteshwara), but was portrayed in such a feminine manner that he is more often thought of as the female goddess of compassion! The most important archetype of all is the self. The self is the ultimate unity of the personality and is symbolized by the circle, the cross, and the mandala figures that Jung was fond of painting. A mandala is a drawing that is used in meditation because it tends to draw your focus back to the center, and it can be as simple as a geometric figure or as complicated as a stained glass window. The personifications that best represent self are Christ and Buddha, two people who many believe achieved perfection. But Jung felt that perfection of the personality is only truly achieved in death. How to cite Carl Jung Theory, Papers

Importance of Hotel industry Management-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Provide a brief background on the chosen Hotel Organisation and each of the two chosen brands. 2.Explain the differences between the responsibilities of the Rooms Division department in luxury and budget brands. 3.Outline the Front Office operations executed at luxury hotels that differentiate these properties from budget hotels. Be sure to consider preparation for guest arrivals, welcoming guests, check-in process, level of service, departure and post departure processes. 4.Explain three different channels and tools that hotel properties use to Communicate across departments and discuss how each tool contributes to efficient operations and Customer satisfaction. 5.Identify the target Markets for each of the chosen brands and the differing needs and expectations of these Customers. 6.Discuss current strategie seach brand uses to provid equality customer service to their target Market and propose two additional strategies that each of the brands could implement to increase guest satisfaction. Answers: Introduction Hotel industry is one of the most important sectors in modern days (Benavides-Velasco, Quintana-Garca Marchante-Lara, 2014). People travel from hotel to hotel for a variety of reasons requiring for different facilities and luxury that meet their needs as well as are budget-friendly. In current days, numerous hotel organizations have diversified portfolio to target specific customer market. They have developed varieties of structures and operations that align to every brands purpose and that clearly signify the difference between each brand. However, the front desk department and the room division department of the hotel play a vital role in the success of each hotel and its operations. The quality of service and the guest satisfaction as well differs according to the efficiency of these two. This report will shed light on the various activities and role of the front desk and the room division departments. Further, it will elaborate on the services that differentiate a luxury brand a nd a budget brand. 1.Background of AccorHotels and their brands AccorHotels was established in the year 1967 by Gerard Pelisson and Dubrule. It was the time when no one in France believed the in the hotel business model. By their creativity and effectiveness, they both pushed the boundaries ever further and the result is unknown to none. AccorHotels is their dream of hospitality and it is interesting to pay proper attention to how AccorHotels has so successfully emerged over the years. They have 4,200 hotels in 95 different countries with about 2, 50,000 hospitality experts of AccorHotels who shares the same passion and take care of billions of guests internationally. They have a list of over 20 brands to meet the desires of their guest, ranging from the luxury like Raffles and Banyan Tree to economy like Ibis, Mama and Novotel. If someone goes through its official website, it is clearly mentioned in a section under the AccorHotels Overview that they consider their guests as unique and that they promise to meet their demands. Accor hotels are one of the most popular hotels in the list of hotel industry. It offers the largest brand portfolio encompassing globally acclaimed luxury to popular mid-scale and budget brands in inspiring and renowned resorts (Kimes Ho, 2017). Raffles is one of the best luxury brands of AccorHotels. It is a very charming, elegant, classy, and graceful colonial-style luxury hotels (Cheer Reeves, 2015) and resorts. It is true example of worldly elegance, style and hospitality. It was name afterSir Thomas Stamford Raffles, a British Statesman. Every Raffles hotel offers its guests warm and careful service and delivers emotional luxury to the well-travelled guests. It has started its legendary service since 1887 and has still focused on continuing the same. The suits and apartments of the Raffles hotel have all the elegance and charm to provide its guest. Right from corporate and social meetings to spa journeys and social events, Raffles offer a real choice and it inspire a person t o discover more and more and fuel his curiosity. They also provide private residences to various places like at Praslin in Seychelles, Jakarta and Makati in Philippines. They serve as a private home where one can return to time after time. Apart from theses, numerous hotels like the Raffles Singapore, Raffles Istanbul, Raffles Hainan, Raffles Dubai and Raffles Makkah Palace that are considered as the best place to meet. These are the essential stoppage for the travelers for business, events and social galas. Whether it is a board meeting, or a car launch, a team building game at the beach or a striking gala dinner at a historic temple ruin, each element of a meeting and event is carefully considered at Raffles. The lotus flower is the focal inspiration of the Raffles Spa philosophy. The daily transformation of the flower is a symbol of natural strength and revitalization. The most luxurious Raffles Spa destinations are in Raffles Dubai, Raffles Makkah Palace, Raffles Singapore, Raff les Grand Hotel D'Angkor, Siem Reap, Raffles Hotel Le Royal, Phnom Penh and Spa My Blend by Clarins,Le Royal Monceau, Raffles Paris. Ibis budget is the budget brand under AccorHotels. It is for those who love awesome service in awesome rates. These are the smartest, casual, contemporary and friendly hotels. They offer great service at a dream price. The cotemporary rooms are for two to three people with comfortable beddings, XL showers, Comfortable beddings and breakfast buffet. These are for those guests who desire to get the most of their money (Fidlschuster, Mayer Linder, 2017). It is the number one brand in the budget segment in Europe. There are 572 ibis budget hotels in the network around 18 countries. 2.Key features of Ibis budget and Raffles Ibis budget Raffles New design and revamped public spaces by Atelier Archangel: It creates a friendly designed atmosphere and is highly comfortable, stylish and contemporary. Raffles Butler Service: Raffles Butler services are the living personification of the Raffles heritage of signifying service. It takes care of every detail so that their guests have the freedom to unearth local culture and the freedom to space to be themselves. Nest Room by ibis budget: It provides a great comfort and it combines with ultimate bedding comfort, connectivity and modernity. Raffles Signature Bars: The Long Bars in the Raffles are lively and joyful places. They are the destinations where the locals as well the tourists socialize, where conversation flows and where people goes to experience the city life and its soul. There are also writer bars is an oasis of tranquility in the Raffles Hotel, where guests goes to relax and unwind. All-you-can-eat breakfast buffet: Ibis provide its guests with qualitative and healthy products, complied with local specialties. Raffles Spa: The lotus flower, which transforms daily, is a symbol of natural strength and revitalization. Sweet Bed: One can experience the best sleeping experience in the ibis hotels in terms of design, technology, product and price. Raffles Patisserie.: These places are appreciated by the people who loves treasures. The sweet pastries are like gems that are discovered and cherished by the people. 3.Difference between the two brands Hotel Raffles Hotel Ibis Rooms Urban; Resort Style Average number of rooms- 100-200; 60-100 villas Average size of the rooms(in sqm)- 60+; 90 Total Gross floor area- 130-150; 170-210 Urban Style Average number of rooms- 100+ Average size of the rooms (in sqm)- 12.5-13.5 Total Gross floor area- 22-25 Segment High-end Luxury Low-cost Food and Beverages 2 Restaurants Specialty restaurant 1 Long bar (urban only) 1 Writers bar Raffles Patisserie No restaurant But breakfast room and vending machine are available No bar Well-Being Raffles Spa Luxury fitness centre Swimming pool No fitness centre No swimming pool No spa Meetings, Events Others Meeting rooms Raffles library Ballroom Business centre No Meeting room 4.Role of the room division department The room division department plays a very important role in the working process of a hotel. It is the first department that contacts with the guests and contribute to profit and the whole revenue. It consists of three major segments- the front office, housekeeping and the uniformed services. The front office is one of the many departments of the hotel business that directly communicates with the guests when they first arrive at the hotel (Ahmad Scott, 2014). They are very visible to the guests. They receive the guests, handles the transactions and requests and they strike the primary impression about the hotel in their minds (W.ONeill McGinley, 2014). Their role is to ensure guest satisfaction, sell their service, creating guest database, coordinating guest service, handling guest accounts and handling in-house communication. It is the duty of the front office staff to communicate with the other staffs of the hotel departments. Their internal communication relies on the PBX (Private Branch Exchange) and IP-PBX (Internet Protocol Private Branch) system. The housekeeping department is in charge of various functions within the hotel. The laundry services, the room cleaning services, the room inspection services, are all provide by the housekeeping department of the hotel. The uniformed services of consist of doorpersons, valet, bell-staff and concierge. They handle the guests baggage at the time of their arrival and departure. The valet representatives park their vehicles and the concierge is expeditor or facilitator. 5.Relationship between front office and other departments With house-keeping- The front office communicates with the housekeeping departments about room status and about the availability of ready and clean room. They communicate on the every detail of potential house count, security concerns, toiletry items and requests for amenities. The official reporting of all the rooms at the end of the day is achieved with a housekeepers room report. Food and beverage department- The front office department and the food and beverages department communicate with each other regarding the information on transfers, estimate of thenumber of guests that is expected to register, and the processing requests for paid-outs. Banquet department- The front office communicate with the banquet department in order take a note on the daily posting of events, preparation of the marquee, and for paying the bills for the events as well. In case if the banquet manager is unable to present the bill for the event, the front desk department should be given clear information about the rental charges, food and beverages services and the like. 6.Front office operations of Raffles and Ibis budget At both the brand hotels of Accor, the guests are treated with great care. However, there is a slight difference between the two when it comes to guest arrivals, check-in process, level of service and departure service. Guest arrivals Check-in and Checkout processes: At Raffles, the guests are at first invited to take their seat and are offered a complimentary glass of welcome drink with wine or a cup of coffee. When they are done with the process of sipping and signing in, the host escorts them further to the guestroom. Earlier, the standard check in time at hotel Raffles was 3:00 pm and the checkout timing was 12 noon but it is no longer prevailing. It is now changed to 24-hour check in/checkout. Ibis has recently approached to mobile technology for the check-in processes, housekeeping and interaction. It says that this has made room for fast online check in and checkout process. Level of services- There is quite difference in the level of services that they provide to their guest. Raffles, being a luxury brand, makes sure that their guests are getting all the things that the desire. Right from high quality food and beverages to revitalizing and relaxing spa services, Raffles provides its guests with the best service. The majority of the services that it provides are listed briefly in the above. However, in addition to these, it provides their guests with a certificate to drive luxury cars like Lamborghini and Ferrari. With the same, for the guests who likes fine dining, the hotel provides an all-day tour of different places. The guests who like fishing are provided with eco-friendly fishing trip. The reputation performance score (RPS) of Raffles is 92% and it has been concluded from the recent survey that 78% of guests in the world will recommend a hotel from Raffles brand. It is the worlds third most popular luxury hotel brands by AccorHotels. The ibis fail s to provide such services but it too provides awesome services like the all-you-can-eat buffet breakfast, nest rooms in extremely affordable prices, and is now the number one brand in the low-cost segment in Europe. Departure and post departure processes- At the time of guest departure, the accounting system of both the hotels ensures the total payments for the goods and services that are provided to them. In case, if the bill is incompletely paid by tem, the balance is transferred to the non-guest records from guest records. During guest departure, the staff thanks all the guests for their arrival and for giving them the opportunity to serve them and they do the arrangement for handling luggage. In addition to that, if the guest needs any sort of drop facilities, the front office desk fulfills it. Conclusion From the above analysis, it could be stated that the front office operations plays a very significant role behind the reputation of a hotel organization. Right from receiving the guest to attending them at the time of their departure, the front office and the room division departments, everything is in their hand. The iconic hotels of the Accor group serve its best to meet customer-satisfaction. However, there are few differences in services offered by the different brands but none is inferior to other in any terms. They are worth their value of money References Ahmad, R., Scott, N. (2014). Managing the front office department: Staffing issues in Malaysian hotels.Anatolia,25(1), 24-38. Benavides-Velasco, C. A., Quintana-Garca, C., Marchante-Lara, M. (2014). Total quality management, corporate social responsibility and performance in the hotel industry.International Journal of Hospitality Management,41, 77-87. Cheer, J. M., Reeves, K. J. (2015). Colonial heritage and tourism: ethnic landscape perspectives.Journal of Heritage Tourism,10(2), 151-166. Fidlschuster, M., Mayer, C., Linder, P. (2017). Hotel Market Germany. 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